White Papers

Advanced Electronic Payment Systems and Dial-up Technologies

In today's fast-paced consumer retail market, analog dial-up payment processing systems account for the majority of all electronic payment configurations. The analog dial-up technology, among others offered by GAO Research, continually support systems such as Point-of-Sale (POS), Automated Teller Machines (ATMs), Multi-purpose Kiosks, Vending Machines and internal transactions processing, which are the back-office and ubiquitous transactions that are largely unnoticed by the general public. The majority of dial-up payment systems operate at low speeds, ranging from 300 bps to 2.4 kbps. Some full-featured dial-up terminals and back-office systems are capable of high data rates of up to 56 kbps. This conventional analog dial-up communication channel is the foundation and will continue to be the mainstay of today's businesses.
Modem and Fax Standards and Software

Interest in modem and fax software for DSP's and native signal processing has increased substantially. This is due to the fact that DSP's often offer the best cost performance ratios among different design alternatives for embedded communications applications, and that native signal processing (NSP) on a host PC potentially provides an economical solution by eliminating some hardware components.
G.992.2 (ADSL G.Lite)

ADSL (Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line) is a new modem technology that promises to revolutionize online commerce, communications, and entertainment. ADSL transforms the existing copper telephone lines into an instant high-speed connection for Internet access, video conferencing, remote access, and multimedia applications.
Voice over IP

Internet Protocol (IP) telephony can yield big cost savings to both corporations and consumers. It is more efficient than the plain old telephone service (POTS) and is poised to undergo huge growth. Before that growth can occur, however, designers who want to use the technology have to vault hurdles concerning latency, quality, and security. Quality of service (QoS) is the primary problem impeding this growth. A traditional problem with this technology, QoS must improve enough to enable Internet-based services to compete with traditional telephony providers.